What is RNA silencing in plants?

RNA SILENCING PATHWAYS IN PLANTS. RNA silencing is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism in eukaryotes. It is induced by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) or hairpin structured RNA (hpRNA), involving common factors including Dicer or Dicer-like (DCL) and Argonaute (AGO) family proteins [1-3].

What are transgenic plants give example?

The plants generated by introducing foreign DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from the cell are termed transgenic plants. Maize, rice, brinjal, cabbage, cauliflowers, potato and tomato are a few examples of transgenic plants.

What causes transgene silencing?

The explanation for inactivation/silencing of transgene activity was a lack of transcription due to methylation of the promoter along with condensation of chromatin, or degradation of transcripts by different mechanism (Fagard and Vaucheret, 2000; Table 1).

Why is RNA silencing important?

RNA silencing has been shown to play a role in antiviral protection in plants as well as insects. Also in yeast, RNA silencing has been shown to maintain heterochromatin structure. However, the varied and nuanced role of RNA silencing in the regulation of gene expression remains an ongoing scientific inquiry.

What are applications of transgenic plants?

The six applications are: (1) Resistance to Biotic Stresses (2) Resistance to Abiotic Stresses (3) Improvement of Crop Yield and Quality (4) Transgenic Plants with Improved Nutrition(5) Commercial Transgenic Crop Plants and (6) Transgenic Plants as Bioreactors.

Why are transgenic plants important?

Effect of Transgenic Plants. Transgenic crops are the important step forward in the production of production of agricultural crops. These crops are modified to contain specific characters like resistant to drought, pests etc., in different agricultural crops.

What is a transgene in biology?

Transgenic means that one or more DNA sequences from another species have been introduced by artificial means. Animals usually are made transgenic by having a small sequence of foreign DNA injected into a fertilized egg or developing embryo.

What was the transgene function?

Transgenes alter the genome by blocking the function of a host gene; they can either replace the host gene with one that codes for a different protein, or introduce an additional gene.

What is transgene expression?

A transgene is an artificial gene, manipulated in the molecular biology lab that incorporate all appropriate elements critical for gene expression generally derived from a different species, for example, production of α1-proteinase inhibitor protein in transgenic sheep carrying transgene of human origin.

What is transgenic silencing?

Transgene silencing is defined as occurring at the post-transcriptional level when RNA does not accumulate even though transcription occurs. As opposed to TGS, which is meiotically heritable ( Assaad et al. 1993 ;Matzke et al.