What is ZAP-70 and what does it do?
What is ZAP-70 and what does it do?
The ZAP70 gene provides instructions for making a protein called zeta-chain-associated protein kinase. This protein is part of a signaling pathway that directs the development of and turns on (activates) immune system cells called T cells. T cells identify foreign substances and defend the body against infection.
What phosphorylates ZAP-70?
Abstract. ZAP-70 is a protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) required for T-cell development and T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) function. ZAP-70 is associated with the phosphorylated antigen receptor and undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation following receptor activation.
What does zap stand for in immunology?
ZAP-70 (zeta-associated protein 70) deficiency is an immunodeficiency involving impaired T-cell activation caused by a signaling defect.
Why are patients with ZAP70 deficiency?
A loss of functional zeta-chain-associated protein kinase leads to the absence of CD8+ T cells and an excess of inactive CD4+ T cells. The resulting shortage of active T cells causes people with ZAP70-related SCID to be more susceptible to infection.
Does ZAP-70 phosphorylate LAT?
Zap-70 efficiently phosphorylates LAT on tyrosine residues at positions 226, 191, 171, 132 and 127.
Is CD38 good or bad?
CD38 is one such enzyme. While the role of CD38 in hematological malignancies has been extensively studied, the impact of CD38 expression within solid tumors is largely unknown, though most current data indicate an immunosuppressive role for CD38.
Is CD38 negative good?
When the percentages of CD38+ cells were plotted for the entire patient population (data not shown), the patients could be segregated into 2 groups around the 20% level. Patients with 20% or more B cells expressing CD38 were considered positive, and those with less than 20% were considered negative.
What is CD28 a marker for?
CD27 and CD28 can be used as cell surface markers to discriminate naive and memory CD8+ T cells from effector CD8+ T cells (6, 7, 8). These molecules are well known as T cell costimulatory molecules.