What is trinitrotoluene chemistry?

trinitrotoluene (TNT), a pale yellow, solid organic nitrogen compound used chiefly as an explosive, prepared by stepwise nitration of toluene. For these reasons it is the most favoured chemical explosive, extensively used in munitions and for demolitions.

What is TNT and TNB?

1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (TNB) is an explosive compound with slightly greater explosive force than 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) [1. F. Volk and H. Bathelt, “Performance parameters of explosives: equilibrium and non-equilibrium reactions,” Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, vol.

What is the structure of trinitrotoluene?

2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is a trinitrotoluene having the nitro groups at positions 2, 4 and 6. It has a role as an explosive. It derives from a 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene. 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene is a yellow, odorless solid that does not occur naturally in the environment.

What is the full form of PETN?

PETN, abbreviation of pentaerythritol tetranitrate, a highly explosive organic compound belonging to the same chemical family as nitroglycerin and nitrocellulose.

What is the full form of HMX?

HMX is a man-made, colorless liquid chemical which stands for High Melting Explosive. HMX will dissolve slightly in water. A very small amount of HMX will turn into a vapor in the air. It can also attach to dust or particles in air.

What is the commonly known name for 2 4 6 trinitrobenzene?

Picryl chloride is an organic compound with the formula ClC6H2(NO2)3….CHEBI:53053.

Who discovered PETN?

The packet, which weighed around 150 g, was found under the seat of Samajwadi Party MLA Mano Pandey. The forensic laboratory has identified the powder substance to be a plastic explosive PETN (Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate).

When was Azidoazide azide created?

In 1997, Ralf Warmuth at UCLA generated benzyne in the inner cavity of a hemicarcerand by irradiating incarcerated benzocyclobutenedione at –196 ºC, followed by irradiating the resulting hemicarcerand–benzocyclopropenone under the same conditions.

What is the difference between HMX and RDX?

HMX (Figure 1.3) is a colorless polycrystalline high explosive similar to RDX. HMX has a higher melting point than RDX and was thus named HMX for High Melting eXplosive.

What is Trinitrotoluene used for?

This trinitrotoluene is used as a reagent in chemical synthesis, but it is better known as an explosive with easy handling properties. TNT’s explosive yield is regarded as the industry norm for comparing bombs and explosives’ destructiveness.

What is the structure of 2 4 6 trinitrotoluene?

2,4,6-trinitrotoluene is a trinitrotoluene having the nitro groups at positions 2, 4 and 6. It has a role as an explosive. It derives from a 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene. 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene is a yellow, odorless solid that does not occur naturally in the environment.

Why is TNT called trinitrotoluene?

Owing to what you just learned about this compound’s structure, it should now be really easy to understand why TNT is called trinitrotoluene. It consists of three (‘tri-‘) nitro groups attached to a toluene molecule, which is itself a benzene ring with a methyl group (methylbenzene).

How do you convert toluene to trinitrotoluene?

First, toluene is nitrated with a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acid to produce mononitrotoluene (MNT). The MNT is separated and then renitrated to dinitrotoluene (DNT). In the final step, the DNT is nitrated to trinitrotoluene (TNT) using an anhydrous mixture of nitric acid and oleum.