What areas are affected by ENSO?
What areas are affected by ENSO?
The worst-affected regions are parts of southern Africa, the Sahel, western Africa, Australia, western United States and parts of South America, as the map below shows. In El Niño years, 10 per cent of the globe sees higher than normal damages, while 19 per cent sees lower than normal.
What ENSO phase are we in now?
CURRENT STATUS: La Niña—the cool phase of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation climate pattern—had a firm grip on the tropical Pacific in November. There’s a 95 percent chance it will last through Northern Hemisphere winter.
What is meant by ENSO?
The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a recurring climate pattern involving changes in the temperature of waters in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.
How does ENSO affect West Pacific?
With a deeper thermocline and decreased westward transport of water, the sea surface temperature increases to greater than normal in the Eastern Pacific. This is the warm phase of ENSO, called El Niño. The net result is a shift of the prevailing rain pattern from the normal Western Pacific to the Central Pacific.
Is there an El Niño in 2021?
After an extended period of ENSO-Neutral conditions during the middle of 2021 (i.e., neither El Niño nor La Niña were occurring), observations of the equatorial Pacific Ocean and atmosphere indicate that La Niña conditions developed during September-October 2021.
What are the 3 parts of ENSO?
We can use surface-water temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific to designate conditions as one of three phases of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) system — neutral (or “normal”), warm (El Nino), and cold (La Nina).
Why is ENSO important?
ENSO is one of the most important climate phenomena on Earth due to its ability to change the global atmospheric circulation, which in turn, influences temperature and precipitation across the globe. Over Indonesia, rainfall tends to become reduced while rainfall increases over the tropical Pacific Ocean.
What is the El Niño ENSO?
“ENSO” refers to the El Niño/Southern Oscillation, the interaction between the atmosphere and ocean in the tropical Pacific that results in a somewhat periodic variation between between below-normal and above-normal sea surface temperatures and dry and wet conditions over the course of a few years.
What is the ENSO warm phase?
Often the term ENSO Warm Phase is used to describe El Niño and ENSO Cold Phase to describe La Niña. During ENSO neutral conditions, surface trade winds blow westward across the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Blowing against the ocean’s surface, these winds result in a westward current.
When will the next ENSO diagnostic discussion be held?
The next ENSO Diagnostics Discussion is scheduled for 09 September 2021. To receive an e-mail notification when the monthly ENSO Diagnostic Discussions are released, please send an e-mail message to: [email protected]. Please refer to our licensing agreement for permission to use IRI ENSO materials.
How does ENSO affect the Pacific Ocean?
The most direct effects of ENSO on regional climate patterns are found in those areas closest to the tropical Pacific. During neutral conditions, Indonesia and other areas in the western Pacific experience more precipitation than in the eastern Pacific, such as Peru and Ecuador.