What is situs inversus with levocardia?

Situs inversus has two main subtypes: dextrocardia and levocardia. A person is said to have dextrocardia if the point of the heart is on the right side. A person is said to have levocardia if the heart is on the left side, yet the other organs are flipped.

What is Situs levocardia?

Situs refers to the position of the atria (not the cardiac apex) and abdominal viscera relative to the midline. Levocardia, dextrocardia and mesocardia are general terms that indicate the position of only the cardiac apex and do not give any indication of the cardiac structure or abdominal situs.

What does levocardia mean?

Strictly speaking, levocardia means that the cardiac apex is left sided. Isolated levocardias are those hearts that are left sided when situs inversus is present.

What is situs inversus in Kartagener syndrome?

The takeaway. Kartagener’s syndrome is a rare genetic disorder. It involves abnormalities of your cilia, which can cause a variety of health problems. It also involves situs inversus, a condition in which your internal organs develop on the opposite side of your body than normal.

What is inversus Situs?

General Discussion. Dextrocardia with Situs Inversus is a rare heart condition characterized by abnormal positioning of the heart. In this condition, the tip of the heart (apex) is positioned on the right side of the chest.

What is situs ambiguous?

Heterotaxy (or situs ambiguus) is defined as the abnormal arrangement of thoracic or abdominal organs, or both, across the left-right axis (Video 90.1.

How is situs inversus diagnosed?

A thorough physical examination, followed by radiographic imaging of the chest and abdomen and electrocardiography, identify most cases of situs inversus. The main diagnostic challenge in affected people is the non-traditional presence of referred pain (pain felt in a different location than its source).

How is Kartagener diagnosed?

Kartagener syndrome is typically suspected based on the presence of characteristic signs and symptoms. A diagnosis can be confirmed by examining a small sample of tissue ( biopsy ) from an area of the body known to have cilia such as the sinus cavities or the airway.

What is Kartagener syndrome?

For commercial reuse, contact [email protected] Abstract Kartagener syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes defects in the action of ciliary movement, comprises of triad situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, and bronchiectasis.

When does dextrocardia occur without situs inversus?

When dextrocardia occurs without situs inversus, when the visceral situs is indeterminate (situs ambiguus), or if isolated levocardia is present, associated, often complex, multiple anomalies are usually present. 4 Dextrocardia with complete situs inversus occurs in approximately 2 per 10 000 births.

What is the pathophysiology of KSKS?

KS is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder that causes defects in the action of ciliary movement, comprises of triad sinusitis, situs inversus, and bronchiectasis [2]. Siewert [3] first explained the combination of situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, and bronchiectasis in 1904.