What is the cause of thrombocytopenia in dengue?

There are two possible mechanisms that can cause thrombocytopenia in dengue patients. One is increased platelet destruction and clearance from peripheral blood. The other is decreased production of platelets in the bone marrow [34].

Can dengue fever cause low platelets?

Dengue fever can result in a drop in your white blood cell and platelet counts. The normal platelet count in the body ranges from 1.5 to 4 lacs, this can go down to as low as 20,000 to 40,000 in the case of dengue patients.

When does thrombocytopenia occur in dengue?

Several recent studies have investigated the causes of thrombocytopenia in dengue. Laboratory and human studies have suggested a direct correlation between activation and depletion of platelets, with a sharp drop occurring on day 4 of fever.

How long does thrombocytopenia last in dengue?

Only about 5 per cent of dengue patients face complications such as severe bleeding and thus will require transfusions. Findings from the study show that most patients with critically low platelet counts will recover by themselves after a few days.

Is dengue hemorrhagic fever?

Mild dengue fever causes a high fever and flu-like symptoms. The severe form of dengue fever, also called dengue hemorrhagic fever, can cause serious bleeding, a sudden drop in blood pressure (shock) and death.

How is dengue hemorrhagic fever diagnosed?

If an infection is suspected, you will get a blood test to check for the dengue virus. During a blood test, a health care professional will take a blood sample from a vein in your arm, using a small needle. After the needle is inserted, a small amount of blood will be collected into a test tube or vial.

WHO criteria dengue hemorrhagic fever?

The definition of DHF consists of 4 clinical criteria: fever, a hemorrhagic tendency (spontaneous bleeding or a positive tourniquet test result), thrombocytopenia (platelet count, ≤100000 cells/mm3), and plasma leakage as shown by pleural effusion, ascites, or ≥20% hemoconcentration.

Who is at risk for thrombocytopenia?

Risk factors ITP is more common among young women. The risk appears to be higher in people who also have diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome.

What is dengue hemorrhagic?

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF): A syndrome due to the dengue virus that tends to affect children under 10, causing abdominal pain, hemorrhage (bleeding) and circulatory collapse (shock).

How is plasma leakage diagnosed?

Clinical evidence of plasma leakage was more frequent than hemoconcentration or hypoproteinuria. Ultrasonography is an ideal non-invasive investigation to detect plasma leakage and area specific hematocrit values are useful as evidence of plasma leakage.

What causes thrombocytopenia in dengue?

Several recent studies have investigated the causes of thrombocytopenia in dengue. Laboratory and human studies have suggested a direct correlation between activation and depletion of platelets, with a sharp drop occurring on day 4 of fever. A high number of dengue virus genome copies have been found in these activated platelets.

What are the characteristics of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)?

Severe thrombocytopenia and increased vascular permeability are the two major characteristics of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Haemophilia A is the most common inherited bleeding disorder, caused by defects in the gene that encodes coagulation factor VIII. It is an X-linked recessive disorder which occurs in approximately 1:5000 males.

Can dengue cause portal vein thrombosis after laparoscopic cholecystectomy?

The only case report describing a similar dilemma is by Dan et al. who describe a patient developing portal vein thrombosis following a laparoscopic cholecystectomy whose anticoagulation had to be delayed due to a concurrent dengue infection [ 3 ].

What is the pathophysiology of dengue infection?

In addition to platelet activation, dengue infection has been found to activate the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, with increased surface phosphatidylserine exposure, mitochondrial depletion, and activation of caspase 3 and 9. [ 37] World Health Organization. Dengue and severe dengue fact sheet.