Where is the proximal femoral diaphysis?

Proximal femur includes the femoral head, neck and the region 5-cm distal to the lesser trochanter. There is a 125°–130° inclination angle between the head and neck and the femoral body. Further, there is a 15° anteversion angle between the plane passing through the condyles of the femoral head and the femur neck.

What are the major features of the proximal portion of the femur?

Th major features of the proximal femur are the head, greater trochanter, and lesser trochanter.

Does femur have diaphysis?

Diaphysis – sideing the perinatal or early infant femoral diaphysis relies on identifying the medial curve of the shaft towards the head and the surface for the lesser trochanter on the posterior surface (Fig.

What does the proximal femur articulate with?

Articulations. The femoral head of the proximal femur articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvis in which the femoral head acts at the ball and the acetabulum as the socket.

What are the main mechanisms of fractures of the femoral diaphysis?

Trauma is the most common mechanism of femoral shaft fractures, typically involving a direct hit to the thigh or an indirect force transmitted through the knee. Younger individuals generally are engaged in high energy mechanisms such as automobile accidents, frequently resulting in other associated injuries.

Where is a proximal femur fracture?

A fracture of the proximal femur also named hip fracture, consists in the break of the upper segment of the femur bone in proximity of the pelvic socket, the acetabulum.

What does proximal mean in anatomy?

nearer to
Proximal means nearer to the center (trunk of the body) or to the point of attachment to the body. If another reference point is given, such as the heart, the proximal point of another organ or extremity is the point closest to the heart, central rather than peripheral. Proximal is the opposite of distal.

What is the femur attached to?

The main shaft of the femur is known as the body of the femur. The distal end of the femur is where it connects with the patella (knee cap) and the bones of the lower leg, the tibia, and fibula. The distal end of the femur has a saddle that rests on the top of the tibia.

What contains diaphysis?

The diaphysis is the main or midsection (shaft) of a long bone. It is made up of cortical bone and usually contains bone marrow and adipose tissue (fat). It is a middle tubular part composed of compact bone which surrounds a central marrow cavity which contains red or yellow marrow.

How are tubercles at proximal end of femur called?

These ridges are asymmetrical in large animals and in horses, there is a protuberance on the proximal part of the medial ridge called the tubercle of trochlea of femur (Tuberculum trochleae ossis femoris).

Is femur axial or appendicular?

The appendicular skeleton is everything else. It’s everything that attaches on to the axial skeleton. Think “appendages”. The pelvis, femur, fibula, tibia and all of the foot bones as well as the scapula, clavicle, humerus, radius, ulna and all of the hand bones are classified as appendicular.

What is the proximal femur displacement?

When one considers the proximal femur, this corresponds with the medial or lateral displacement of the shaft in the case of a varus or valgus osteotomy, respectively (i.e., displacement–angulation osteotomy). This ensures the optimal alignment of the entire lower extremity, provided that no other deformity is present.

Where is the femoral axis of the femur?

Anatomy of the Proximal Femur. Generally, the femoral axis is placed in the center of the radiographically visible proximal femur. Yoshioka et al., however, defined the axis of the femoral shaft by the center of the shaft at the subtrochanteric area and the origin of the posterior cruciate ligament.

Where is the fovea of the femur located?

Fossa capitis femoris (fovea) is medially located at the top of the femoral head, where the ligamentum teres is attached (Ito and Minka, 2004 ). Greater trochanter is intersectioned at the junction of the body and femoral neck, where the abductor muscles are attached.

When does the center of ossification appear in the femoral head?

The center of ossification in the femoral head appears in females at the age of 4 to 7 months and in males at the age of 5 to 8 months. The ossification center of the greater trochanter develops generally at the age of 4 years. The ossification center in the lesser trochanter appears only much later at 12 to 14 years.