How is Proteus vulgaris treated?

For hospitalized patients, therapy consists of parenteral (or oral once the oral route is available) ceftriaxone, quinolone, gentamicin (plus ampicillin), or aztreonam until defervescence. Then, an oral quinolone, cephalosporin, or TMP/SMZ for 14 days may be added to complete treatment.

What disease does Proteus vulgaris cause?

P. vulgaris, previously considered biogroup 2, has been reported to cause UTIs, wound infections, burn infections, bloodstream infections, and respiratory tract infections (71, 137).

Can Proteus vulgaris cause death?

Like other gram-negative bacteria, Proteus species release endotoxin (part of the gram-negative bacterial cell wall) when invading the bloodstream; thereby triggering additional host inflammatory responses which can ultimately result in sepsis or systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), a severe condition with a …

How is Proteus vulgaris transmitted?

MODE OF TRANSMISSION: Proteus spp. are part of the human intestinal flora 1 3- 5 and can cause infection upon leaving this location. They may also be transmitted through contaminated catheters (particularly urinary catheters) 1 4 5 or by accidental parenteral inoculation.

How does Proteus vulgaris spread?

How do you identify Proteus vulgaris?

Proteus vulgaris is a rod-shaped, nitrate-reducing, indole-positive and catalase-positive, hydrogen sulfide-producing, Gram-negative bacterium that inhabits the intestinal tracts of humans and animals. It can be found in soil, water, and fecal matter.

Does Proteus vulgaris produce gelatinase?

vulgaris is tested using the API 20E identification system it produces positive results for sulfur reduction, urease production, tryptophan deaminase production, indole production, sometimes positive gelatinase activity, and saccharose fermentation, and negative results for the remainder of the tests on the testing …

Where is Proteus vulgaris normally found?

Proteus vulgaris: Brief Summary Proteus vulgaris is a rod-shaped, nitrate-reducing, indole-positive and catalase-positive, hydrogen sulfide-producing, Gram-negative bacterium that inhabits the intestinal tracts of humans and animals. It can be found in soil, water, and fecal matter.

What is the difference between Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris?

Proteus mirabilis (indole negative) is the most frequent Proteus species associated with urinary tract infections, but indole-positive Proteus species like Pr. vulgaris, which are more often resistant to ampicillin, may also cause urinary tract infections. These species are often associated with an alkaline urine.

Is Proteus vulgaris Gram positive or negative?

Proteus vulgaris is a species of rod-shaped gram-negative bacteria (bacillus) that belongs to the group of Enterobacteria. It is normally present in the fecal flora of humans, but it is also common in urinary tract infections of the young and old.

How to differentiate Proteus vulgaris from other species in the genus?

When comparing Genus Proteus, a key tool to decipher P. vulgaris from other species in the genus is that P. vulgaris is indole-positive using an spot indole test using dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde reagent (20) . 5. Ecology Many wild and domestic animals can be hosts of P. vulgaris bacteria, where they commonly play the role of a parasite (1).

What is Proteus vulgari and how is it spread?

Proteu vulgari i a pecie of rod-haped gram-negative bacteria (bacillu) that belong to the group of Enterobacteria. It i normally preent in the fecal flora of human, but it i alo common in urinary trac How is it spread? Proteus vulgaris is a species of rod-shaped gram-negative bacteria (bacillus) that belongs to the group of Enterobacteria.

What are the different types of Proteus?

Along with bacteria of the genera Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Serratia, bacteria of the genus Proteus are related to numerous cases of serious infections in humans.