What does miR 34a do?

miRNA-34a. Alcohol induces miR-34a levels, and regulates Sirt1 and caspase-2. In general, p53 is involved in the activation of miR-34a. miR-34a regulates cell survival, migration, and remodeling properties via repression of target genes, and modulation of downstream signaling pathways.

What is MicroRNA 34a?

“MicroRNA-34a functions as a potential tumor suppressor by inducing apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells”. Oncogene.

How can microRNAs miRNAs regulate gene expression?

miRNAs (microRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They generally bind to the 3′-UTR (untranslated region) of their target mRNAs and repress protein production by destabilizing the mRNA and translational silencing.

What is miRNA and siRNA?

Origin: The siRNA is an exogenous double-stranded RNA uptaken by cells, while miRNA is single-stranded and comes from endogenous non-coding RNA. Besides, the siRNA is present in lower animals and plants, but not found in mammals; whereas miRNAs are present in all the animal and plant.

What is the origin of siRNA?

Sources of siRNA Precursors siRNAs were originally observed during transgene- and virus-induced silencing in plants (Mello and Conte, 2004), consistent with a natural role in genome defense (Figure 2).

How does miRNA prevent translation?

We provide evidence that a miRNA can affect translation initiation by inhibiting the roles of the mRNA cap structure and poly(A) tail, in the absence of accelerated mRNA decay.

Where are miRNAs encoded?

These miRNAs are encoded in the introns of different genes, each gene encoding a subunit of the coatomer transporter (Rodriguez et al., 2004). miRNAs with unrelated sequences have also been found encoded within the introns of related proteins.

What does MIR34A stand for?

MIR34A (MicroRNA 34a) is an RNA Gene, and is affiliated with the miRNA class. Diseases associated with MIR34A include Retinoblastoma and Glioma . Among its related pathways are MicroRNAs in cancer .

Does miR-34a play a role in colitis-associated intestinal tumors?

In Mir34a-deficient mice, colitis-associated intestinal tumors displayed upregulation of p-STAT3, IL-6R, and SNAIL and progressed to invasive carcinomas, which was not observed in WT animals. Collectively, our data indicate that p53-dependent expression of miR-34a suppresses tumor progression by inhibiting a IL-6R/STAT3/miR-34a feedback loop.

How does NF-κB increase miR-34a expression?

The pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB (increasingly expressed with obesity and aging) increases miR-34a expression by binding to its promoter region. Inhibition of miR-34a in diet-induced obese mice restored levels of NAMPT and NAD, reducing inflammation and improving glucose tolerance.

Is the IL-6 receptor a direct miR-34a target for EMT and invasion?

Repression of MIR34A was required for IL-6-induced EMT and invasion. Furthermore, we identified the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), which mediates IL-6-dependent STAT3 activation, as a conserved, direct miR-34a target.