Why would you use a confocal microscope?

Confocal microscopy provides the ability to collect clear images from a thin section of a thick sample with low background and minimal out-of-focus interference. Optical sectioning is a common application in the biomedical sciences and has been useful for materials science as well.

What is CLE in endoscopy?

Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is an endoscopic modality that was developed to obtain very high magnification of the mucosal layer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract [1], and it has the potential to enable histological diagnosis in real time [2].

How does confocal laser endomicroscopy work?

Basic principle of confocal microscopy. CLE is based on low-power blue laser light based tissue exposure and fluorescence. The laser light is focused on an area of interest and back scattered light is then refocused onto the detection system by the lens.

What is confocal endomicroscopy?

INTRODUCTION. Confocal laser endomicroscopy and endocytoscopy are endoscopic technologies that permit high-resolution assessment of gastrointestinal mucosal histology at a cellular and sub-cellular level.

How long does confocal microscopy take?

approximately 1 second
Most laser scanning confocal microscopes (LSCMs) take approximately 1 second to acquire a single optical section, although several acquisitions are usually averaged by the software to improve signal-to-noise ratio.

What is volumetric laser endomicroscopy?

HW Volumetric laser endomicroscopy (VLE) is a new endoscopic imaging technology (NvisionVLE Imaging System, NinePoint Medical) utilizing advanced optical coherence tomography with near infrared light and balloon-centered imaging probes that produce scans of 6-cm segments of the esophagus, with surface and subsurface …

What are the disadvantages of a laser scanning confocal microscope?

Disadvantages of confocal microscopy are limited primarily to the limited number of excitation wavelengths available with common lasers (referred to as laser lines), which occur over very narrow bands and are expensive to produce in the ultraviolet region (56).

What is confconfocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE)?

Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is an endoscopic modality developed to obtain very high magnification and resolution images of the mucosal layer of the GI tract.

What is Ecle endoscopy?

Endoscope-based CLE Endoscope-based CLE (eCLE) uses a confocal micro- scope (Optiscan, Victoria, Australia) integrated into the distal tip of a conventional endoscope (Pentax, Tokyo, Japan). The diameter of the eCLE endoscope is 12.8 mm, andthetiplengthisincreasedtoaccommodatethelasermi- croscope so that there is a 5-cm rigid portion (Fig. 3).

Which confocal miniprobes are available for the GI tract?

Cellvizio confocal miniprobes (Mauna Kea Technologies, Paris, France) created for GI tract applica- tions include CholangioFlex, GastroFlex UHD, and Colo- Flex UHD (Table 1).

What is the maximum depth of imaging for the cholangioflex probes?

The depth of imagingfrom thesurface ofthe confocal lens is 40 to 70 mm for CholangioFlex probes and 55 to 65 mm for both GastroFlex UHD and ColoFlex UHD probes.The maximalfieldofview forCholangioFlex probes is 325 mm and 240 mm for Gastroflex UHD and ColoFlex UHD probes.